Objective To analyze the biomechanical responses after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) based on personalized biomechanical parameters of the human eye. Methods Through the results from the correlation analysis between corneal stromal elastic modulus and biomechanical parameters, the cornea elastic modulus was predicted and the material parameters were obtained. Based on clinical measurement data, 52 personalized myopic human eye models were reconstructed to analyze the corneal biomechanical response after SMILE. Results The biomechanical response of the cornea varied from patients, and the vertex displacement and stress of the corneal surface increased or decreased after SMILE. On average, when residual stromal thickness (RST) ranged from 278 μm to 332 μm and IOP was 16–20 mmHg, the change of vertex displacement and stress on the corneal surface after SMILE were less than those under IOP=11–16 mmHg. Under RST＞332 μm and IOP=11~16 mmHg, the corneal biomechanics was relatively stable. In addition, the corrected diopters of patients increased, and the deformation of corneal surface after SMILE was more drastic. Conclusions RST and IOP are important influencing factors in corneal biomechanics. The material parameters of corneal tissues were predicted based on corneal biomechanical parameters. The cutting profiles and surgical parameters of SMILE may be optimized through analyzing the surgical effect after refractive surgery with the reconstructing personalized finite element model of human eyes.