Objective: This paper systematically reviewed the biomechanical research progress of foot torsion and shoe torsion and the research and application of multi-segment foot models in foot-shoe torsion. Foot torsion stiffness refers to the foot's ability to resist deformation when subjected to twisting forces, a characteristic that plays a crucial role in preventing sports injuries and informing the design of athletic footwear. Methods: This review article explored the fundamental concepts, primary measurement methods, current applications, and future research directions related to foot torsion stiffness by reviewing relevant literature. Results: The findings indicate that foot torsion stiffness significantly impacts lower limb kinematics, kinetics, and athletic performance. Optimizing this stiffness could improve stress distribution, reduce injury risk, and enhance performance. Conclusion: Future research should focus on refining measurement techniques to enhance reliability and efficiency in clinical applications, providing a scientific foundation for sports injury prevention and footwear design.