Comparison of the lower-limb kinematics and muscle activation between "Asian squat" and "Western squat"
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    Abstract:

    Objective: This study aimed to compare the differences in the lower-limb joint kinematics and muscle activation between Asian squat (AS) and Western squat (WS). Methods: Eleven healthy adults were recruited and they completed the biomechanical test of AS and WS. A 3D motion analysis system, two force plates and electromyography were used to measure the kinematics, kinetics and muscle activation of the subjects during the two posture, and to calculate the muscle force by OpenSim. Biomechanical outcomes include: the joint angle of the pelvis, hip, knee and ankle at the time of peak knee flexion angle; The peak force and peak time of the gluteus maximus, biceps femoris, rectus femoris, lateral gastrocnemius, soleus and tibialis anterior muscle. Results: The AS showed pelvis forward flexion, while the WS showed pelvis backward extension at the time of the peak knee flexion angle. Compared with the AS, a significant smaller hip flexion, larger knee flexion, larger hip abduction and hip rotation angles were found in the WS at the time of the peak knee flexion angle (P = 0.033; 0.030; 0.000; 0.014). Compared with the AS, a significant greater peak force of soleus was found in the WS during the descent and ascent phases of squat (P = 0.007; 0.010). Additionally, a smaller peak force of anterior tibia was found in WS than AS during the descent and ascent phases of squat (P = 0.045; 0.035). No significant differences were found in other muscle peak force and the time of peak force between the AS and WS (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The combined tibialis anterior activation and proximal joint flexion may be beneficial to stabilization during the AS. The soleus muscle activation was significant in the WS with heel lift. The muscle activation pattern of proximal joint was similar between the AS and WS. This study provided theoretical guidance for the design of clinical squat rehabilitation programs or the selection of squat training.

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History
  • Received:September 16,2020
  • Revised:December 10,2020
  • Adopted:December 16,2020
  • Online:
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