With the advancement of socioeconomic development and clear Aligner technology, invisible orthodontics has become an important treatment approach for malocclusion. However, in extraction cases involving anterior tooth retraction, the limited three-dimensional force control of aligners often leads to lingual tipping of incisors, deepened overbite, and anchorage loss of posterior teeth, thereby increasing the complexity and uncertainty of orthodontic treatment. As an effective tool for simulating complex biomechanical behaviors, finite element analysis (FEA) enables quantitative assessment of tooth movement and stress distribution in the periodontium, providing theoretical support for optimizing aligner design. This review focuses on FEA studies of anterior tooth retraction using clear aligners in extraction cases, summarizes tooth movement characteristics, and discusses key influencing factors including Aligner parameters, movement patterns, attachment design, and auxiliary appliances. Finally, the future directions of FEA in dynamic simulation and personalized modeling are explored to support more predictable and effective clinical outcomes.