基于交通事故案例的三岁儿童乘员损伤机理研究
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天津科技大学

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Study on the injury mechanism of three-year-old children occupant based on traffic accident case
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Tianjin University of Science and Technology

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    摘要:

    目的 通过再现真实交通事故案例探究三岁儿童乘员损伤机理。方法 应用车辆有限元模型和图斯特三岁儿童乘员损伤仿生模型(TUST IBMs 3YO-O),再现CIREN数据库中的交通事故案例,通过综合分析delta V、车辆重量和变形能反求碰撞前车辆的速度,设置碰撞仿真试验再现案例所描述的儿童乘员损伤,分析损伤机理。结果 TUST IBMs 3YO-O模型完整地再现出碰撞事故中儿童乘员的损伤。进一步对当前采用的儿童乘员损伤评价参数及阈值进行分析:儿童乘员头部运动学响应与头部生物力学响应表现出差异性,儿童乘员颈部损伤与案例中描述一致,儿童乘员胸腔内部组织器官生物力学响应表明其没有出现损伤情况,但是胸部3ms合成加速度超出阈值。结论 未来需要增强对生物力学模型的评价,应用高生物逼真度的人体生物力学模型再现交通事故中乘员损伤,不仅更加清晰的观察事故中乘员的运动学响应,深度分析碰撞损伤机理,还为数字化评估提供参考依据,也将为儿童乘员保护装置研发和安全法规制订提供参考。

    Abstract:

    Objective The injury mechanisms of three-year-old child occupants was investigated by reconstructing the real traffic accident. Method A traffic accident case from the CIREN database was reconstructed by using the vehicle finite element model and the three-year-old child occupant injury bionic model (TUST IBMs 3YO-O). The delta V, the mass of the vehicle and the deformation energy were comprehensively analyzed to figure out the collision velocity of the vehicles. This accident was simulated to present the injuries of the child occupant as described by the doctor. The injury mechanisms were analyzed in depth. Results The TUST IBMs 3YO-O fully reproduces the injuries to child occupant in the case. And on this basis, the assessment parameters and injury thresholds of child occupant used widely at present were analyzed. The kinematic response and biomechanical response of child head exhibited the difference. The neck injury of child was consistent with the description in the case. The biomechanical response of internal tissues and organs in the chest cavity showed that there was no injury, but the 3ms chest resultant acceleration exceeded the threshold. Conclusion In the future, it is necessary to enhance the evaluation of the biomechanical model. The human biomechanical models with high biofidelity applied to reconstruct the occupant injuries in traffic accidents are not only used to observe the kinematic responses of the occupant in the accident and an in-depth analysis of the injury mechanisms, but also provides the reference data for virtual testing. This will be helpful for the research and development of child occupant protection devices and the formulation of safety regulations.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-04-11
  • 最后修改日期:2024-06-03
  • 录用日期:2024-06-05
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