雪车项目空气动力学研究进展
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1.国家体育总局体育科学研究所;2.上海体育学院 运动科学学院

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基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目(11802068),国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFF0300500),国家体育总局体育科学研究所基本科研业务费资助项目(基本19-06)


Research progress of bobsleigh aerodynamics
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1.China Institute of Sport Science;2.School of Kinesiology,Shanghai University of Sport

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    摘要:

    雪车空气动力特性对比赛的结果起着非常重要的作用,为提高运动成绩,需优化雪车空气动力,使其气动阻力尽量减小。国外学者主要是通过计算流体力学(Computational Fluid Dynamic,CFD)数值模拟、风洞实验等方法来研究雪车空气动力特性以及优化减阻方法,但国内尚未开展相关研究工作。系统地梳理近20年来雪车项目空气动力学研究成果,以期对雪车项目气动优化减阻技术要求有一个清晰的认识,并提出雪车项目空气动力学研究未来可能的发展方向: 1)雪车项目空气动力优化系统性研究,探索并掌握雪车车身外形、雪车车身底部与赛道冰面的距离以及运动员在雪车内位置与姿态等参数对气动阻力的影响机理,全面评估空气动力优化效果;2)运动员滑行操控与雪车空气动力的相互影响研究。这些研究结果将为雪车项目运动装备优化改进以及运动员的日常训练提供重要的科学指导。

    Abstract:

    The aerodynamic characteristics of bobsleigh play a very important role in the result of the race. In order to improve the performance, it is necessary to optimize the bobsleigh aerodynamics and reduce its aerodynamic drag as much as possible. Foreign scholars has mainly used CFD numerical simulation, wind tunnel experiments and other methods to study the aerodynamic characteristics and optimize drag reduction methods, but the relevant research has not yet been carried out at home. In order to have a clear understanding of the technical requirements of bobsleigh aerodynamic optimization and drag reduction, the research results of bobsleigh aerodynamics in recent 20 years have been systematically combed, and the possible future development direction of bobsleigh aerodynamics research has been put forward: 1) the systematic study of bobsleigh aerodynamics optimization, explore and master the influence mechanism of bobsleigh body shape, the gap distance between the bottom of bobsleigh body and the ice surface of track, the position and attitudes of athletes in the bobsleigh on the aerodynamic drag, and comprehensively evaluate aerodynamic optimization effect; 2) study on the interaction between athlete glide control and bobsleigh aerodynamics. These studies will provide important scientific guidance for the optimization and improvement of bobsleigh sports equipment and the daily training of athletes.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-05-17
  • 最后修改日期:2019-07-25
  • 录用日期:2019-09-11
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