仿真躯干假人在评价救生伞开伞动载中的应用
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Application of emulational trunk dummy in evaluating the opening shock of lifesaving parachute
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    目的 定量研究仿真躯干假人在确定救生伞开伞动载试验中的作用,为其开发研制提供可靠的试验手段。方法 仿真躯干假人披挂救生伞进行冲击试验,用63.4 kg冲击块分别以0.20,0.40,0.60,0.80 m高度释放冲击块,模拟不同开伞载荷,并测试肩带拉力;同时与5具刚性躯干假人在同样冲击能量下的试验结果进行对比。24名健康男性被试者佩带救生伞背带系统,取站立姿式和坐姿,参加对比试验。结果 在同样的冲击能量下,刚性躯干假人肩带响应的冲击力峰值最大,其次为人体站姿,最小为人体坐姿,各试验组之间有显著性差异(P<0.01);在不同模拟开伞载荷条件下仿真躯干假人肩带冲击力峰值分别为2 795,3 873,4 816和5 736 N,与人站姿试验数据(2 541,3 042,3 720和4 250 N)最为接近。结论 仿真躯干假人因仿真人体黏弹性特征,其在开伞冲击试验中的测试结果比刚性躯干假人更贴近人体的实际状况,而这一特性会直接影响到获得的开伞动态载荷,因此建议在救生伞研发试验中使用仿真躯干假人。

    Abstract:

    Objective To carry out quantitative investigation on application of emulational trunk dummy (ETD) in evaluating the opening shock of lifesaving parachute and provide a more reliable test method for further development. Method ETD equipped with parachute was tested in the impact experiment, where a 63.4 kg impact block was dropped from the height of 0.20 m,0.40 m,0.60 m,0.80 m respectively to simulate different opening shocks. The opening shocks were deducted by measured forces on harness and acceleration loads at the center of dummy's thorax. For comparison, 5 rigid trunk dummies (RTD) were tested under the equivalent impacts. As the contrast test, 24 male healthy subjects were also exposed under such impacts with standing and sitting posture respectively. Results Under the same impact, the peak impact value on harness exhibited maximum on RTD, minimum on subjects with sitting posture, and medium on ETD. There were significant differences between each experimental group (P<0.01). With different impact loads, the peak impact value on ETD was 2 795,3 873,4 816 and 5 736 N respectively, which was correspondingly close to that of subjects with standing posture(2 541,3 042,3 720 and 4250 N). Conclusions The result of opening shock gathered from ETD is closer to that from RTD due to ETD’s viscoelasticity, which shall certainly influence the measured opening shock. Therefore, ETD is suggested to be used in the development of livesaving parachute.

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柳松杨,成海平,杨毅,王致洁,赵广,吴铨,杨春信,徐宏,马坤昌,宋柄辉.仿真躯干假人在评价救生伞开伞动载中的应用[J].医用生物力学,2010,25(4):253-256

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  • 收稿日期:2010-05-20
  • 最后修改日期:2010-08-01
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